ABSTRACT
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), with a history of thousands of years, are widely used clinically with effective treatment. However, the drug delivery systems (DDSs) for TCMs remains major challenges due to the characteristics of multi-components including alkaloids, flavones, anthraquinones, glycosides, proteins, volatile oils and other types. Therefore, the novel preparations and technology of modern pharmaceutics is introduced to improve TCM therapeutic effects due to instability and low bioavailability of active ingredients. Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, the radix and rhizomes of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen in Chinese), is a well known Chinese herbal medicine for protecting the cardiovascular system, with active ingredients mainly including lipophilic tanshinones and hydrophilic salvianolic acids. In this review, this drug is taken as an example to present challenges and strategies in progress of DDSs for TCMs. This review would also summary the characteristics of active ingredients in it including physicochemical properties and pharmacological effects. The purpose of this review is to provide inspirations and ideas for the DDSs designed from TCMs by summarizing the advances on DDSs for both single- and multi-component from Danshen.
ABSTRACT
Arsenic trioxide, a mineral drug of Chinese medicine material medica with significant therapeutic effect, has been approved by USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. In recent years, it has also been found to have a great therapeutic effect on the treatment of solid tumors. The anti-tumor mechanisms mainly include promoting apoptosis, inhibiting Hedgehog signaling pathway, reversing drug resistance and inhibiting angiogenesis. However, the poor targeting ability in vivo, the rapid renal clearance rate, and the toxic and side effects of high dose on normal tissues of arsenic trioxide limit the application and clinical transformation for the treatment of solid tumor. On the basis of traditional nanoparticles, the novel drug delivery system improves the drug aggregation, controlling-release and diagnosis in tumor sites, which is of great significance in accurate treatment, improvement of bioavailability and reduction of toxic and side effects. Research progress on anti-tumor mechanisms of arsenic trioxide and its drug delivery system in recent years was summarized and analyzed in this paper, in order to provide ideas for the in-depth research and clinical application of arsenic trioxide.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the changes of myocardial enzymes,hepatic function,renal function and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2?(8-iso-PGF2?)in newborn infants with hyperbilirubinemia and their relationships.Methods One hundred and twenty-six neonates who were 2 to 7 days old were selected.Seventy-six cases were hyperbilirubinemia,and according total bilirubin(TB),they were divided into hyper bi-lirubinemia A group(HBE-A)(51 cases,TB 205-341 ?mol/L)and hyperbilirubinemia B group(HBE-B)(25 cases,TB≥342 ?mol/L).Fifty newborn infants with physiologic jaundice were control group(TB